(650) 332-8623Ohio Break Laws: Meals, Rests, and More (2025)
In this guide, you’ll learn about Ohio’s meal and rest break laws, who they apply to, and how to stay compliant in 2025.
Ohio Break Laws in Brief
Meal Breaks
Laws in Ohio Governing Meal Breaks
Ohio does not have specific state laws requiring employers to provide meal breaks to employees aged 18 or older. Instead, Ohio adheres to the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) guidelines.
According to 29 CFR 785.19:
“Bona fide meal periods are not worktime. Bona fide meal periods do not include coffee breaks or time for snacks. These are rest periods. The employee must be completely relieved from duty for the purposes of eating regular meals. Ordinarily 30 minutes or more is long enough for a bona fide meal period. A shorter period may be long enough under special conditions. The employee is not relieved if he is required to perform any duties, whether active or inactive, while eating.”
However, for employees under the age of 18, Ohio law mandates a 30-minute uninterrupted meal break if they have worked five consecutive hours or more. This break can be unpaid as long as the minor is relieved of all work duties during this time.
Key Points for Employers in Ohio:
- No legal obligation to provide meal breaks under state law for employees aged 18 or older.
- If provided, breaks of 30 minutes or more can be unpaid as long as the employee is completely relieved from duty.
- For employees under 18, a 30-minute uninterrupted meal break is required after five consecutive hours of work.
Rest Breaks
Laws in Ohio Governing Rest Breaks
Similar to meal breaks, Ohio does not have a state-mandated law requiring rest breaks for adult employees. However, short breaks are common in many workplaces and are governed by federal law through the FLSA.
As 29 CFR 785.18 stipulates:
“Rest periods of short duration, running from 5 minutes to about 20 minutes, are common in industry. They promote the efficiency of the employee and are customarily paid for as working time. They must be counted as hours worked. Compensable time of rest periods may not be offset against other working time such as compensable waiting time or on-call time.”
Key Points for Employers in Ohio:
- No state requirement to provide rest breaks for employees aged 18 or older.
- Short breaks of 5 to 20 minutes are considered compensable work hours under FLSA guidelines.
- For minor employees (under 18), while Ohio law specifies meal breaks, it does not explicitly mandate rest breaks.
What's the Difference?
Meal Breaks vs. Rest Breaks in Ohio
In Ohio, the key difference between meal breaks and rest breaks revolves around whether the break is paid and how long it lasts.
Ohio does not mandate meal or rest breaks for adult employees, but under federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) guidelines, meal breaks of 30 minutes or more can be unpaid as long as the employee is fully relieved of duties. However, for employees under 18, Ohio law requires a 30-minute uninterrupted meal break after five consecutive hours of work.
On the other hand, rest breaks lasting 5 to 20 minutes are considered paid time and must be counted as hours worked under FLSA guidelines.
Meal breaks allow employees to step away for a longer period to eat, while rest breaks are shorter, meant to boost productivity, and are commonly taken at the worksite.
Exemptions
What Type of Workers are Exempt from Ohio's Break Laws?
Ohio does not require employers to provide meal or rest breaks for adult employees, but certain groups of workers may have specific exemptions from standard break policies.
- Adult Employees (18 and Older): Ohio law does not mandate meal or rest breaks for adult employees, meaning employers are not legally required to provide breaks, regardless of industry or job type.
- Minor Employees (Under 18): Employees under 18 must receive a 30-minute uninterrupted meal break if they work more than five consecutive hours—this requirement cannot be waived by employers.
- Nursing Mothers: Under federal law (FLSA), employers must provide reasonable break time and a private space (not a bathroom) for nursing mothers to express breast milk for up to one year after childbirth.
- Unionized or Contract Employees: Workers covered by collective bargaining agreements may have specific break provisions negotiated as part of their contracts, which could differ from general state laws.
Since Ohio law does not regulate breaks for most workers, break policies are often determined at the company level, based on industry standards and workplace needs.
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Other Types of Breaks for Workers in Ohio
Under the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), employers are required to provide reasonable break time for employees to express breast milk for their nursing child for one year after the child’s birth. This includes a private space, other than a bathroom, that is shielded from view and free from intrusion by coworkers and the public.
While Ohio law does not mandate meal or rest breaks for adult employees in most industries, certain sectors may have specific policies or collective bargaining agreements that provide for such breaks.
- Wright State University: Hourly staff are permitted two 15-minute paid rest periods during each full eight-hour shift. Mealtime and rest period times are arranged by the supervisor.
- University of Toledo: Hourly employees are entitled to one 15-minute paid break during each four-hour work segment. Rest breaks are not cumulative and are scheduled by supervisors to maintain efficiency.
These examples illustrate that, despite the absence of state-mandated break requirements for adults, individual organizations may establish their own policies to ensure employee comfort and operational efficiency.
Certain occupations, such as healthcare and security, may require employees to work extended or overnight shifts that include designated sleep periods.
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) provides guidelines for compensating such sleeping time:
1. Shifts Less Than 24 Hours: Employees required to be on duty for less than 24 hours are considered working even if permitted to sleep during periods of inactivity. Therefore, all such time is compensable.
2. Shifts of 24 Hours or More: For employees on duty for 24 hours or more, employers and employees may agree to exclude bona fide sleeping periods of up to 8 hours from hours worked, provided:
- Adequate sleeping facilities are furnished.
- The employee can usually enjoy an uninterrupted sleep period.
- If the sleep period is interrupted by a call to duty, the interruption must be counted as hours worked.
If the sleep period is interrupted to the extent that the employee cannot get at least 5 hours of sleep, the entire period must be counted as hours worked.
Recordkeeping Requirements for Breaks in Ohio
Ohio law does not require employers to provide meal or rest breaks for employees aged 18 and over. As a result, there are no state-mandated recordkeeping requirements for adult employees regarding breaks.
However, under federal law (FLSA), employers must maintain accurate work hour records for all employees, including start and stop times, but they are not required to track unpaid meal periods separately unless a dispute arises.
For minor employees (under 18), Ohio law mandates a 30-minute uninterrupted meal break after working five consecutive hours. Employers must:
- Maintain a list of all minor employees at each workplace.
- Post this list in a conspicuous location accessible to all minor employees.
- Keep written records of exact start and stop times for all work and break periods for minors and retain these records for at least two years.
While not required under Ohio law, maintaining detailed break records for all employees is a best practice. This can help prevent wage disputes, ensure compliance with federal labor laws, and provide documentation if an employee claims they were denied a required break.
Employers using electronic time-tracking systems should ensure meal breaks are accurately recorded when applicable.
Ohio Penalties for Meal and Break Violations
Up to $10,000Violation of Child Labor Laws
Employers who violate child labor provisions, including failing to provide mandated breaks for minors, may face civil penalties of up to $10,000 for each young worker employed in violation.
Willful violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) may lead to criminal prosecution, with fines of up to $10,000. In cases of a second conviction, the violator may face imprisonment.
Compensatory WagesViolation of Nursing Mother Break Requirements
Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), employers are required to provide reasonable break time and a private space, other than a bathroom, for nursing mothers to express breast milk for one year after the child’s birth.
Failure to comply with these requirements can result in legal action. The Department of Labor may seek injunctive relief in federal district court, which could include measures such as reinstatement of the employee and compensation for lost wages.
Misconceptions About Meals and Breaks in OH
Many believe that Ohio mandates employers to offer meal or rest breaks to employees aged 18 and over.
Ohio does not require employers to provide meal or rest breaks to adult employees.
Some employers think they can deduct pay for short breaks lasting less than 20 minutes.
Breaks lasting between 5 and 20 minutes are considered part of the workday and must be paid.
Some employers implement automatic deductions for meal periods, assuming all employees take their breaks as scheduled.
It’s best to require employees to clock in and out for meal periods to ensure accurate records. Automatic deductions can lead to unpaid wages if employees work through their breaks.
Employers may believe they don’t need to pay employees for unauthorized work done during meal breaks.
If an employee performs work during an unpaid meal break, they must be compensated, regardless of whether the work was authorized.
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Employees: Know Your Rights to Meals and Breaks in OH
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No mandatory meal or rest breaks for adults: Ohio law does not require employers to provide meal or rest breaks to employees aged 18 and over.
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Breaks for minors: Employees under 18 must receive a 30-minute uninterrupted break if working more than five consecutive hours.
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Paid short breaks: Breaks lasting 5 to 20 minutes are considered paid work time and must be compensated.
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Unpaid meal periods: Employers can provide unpaid meal periods if they last at least 30 minutes and the employee is relieved of all duties.
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Breaks for nursing mothers: Employers must provide reasonable break time and a private space (not a bathroom) for nursing mothers to express breast milk.
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Employer policies may vary: While not required by law, many employers offer meal and rest breaks as part of their company policies.
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No retaliation for reporting violations: Employees cannot be retaliated against for reporting violations of break laws.
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Company-specific break policies: Some employers, like the University of Toledo, provide specific break schedules for their employees.
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No state-mandated day of rest: Ohio does not require employers to provide a day of rest; work schedules are determined by employer policies.
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Breaks during extended shifts: For shifts over 24 hours, employers and employees may agree to exclude bona fide sleeping periods of up to 8 hours from hours worked, provided adequate sleeping facilities are furnished and the employee can usually enjoy an uninterrupted sleep period.
Employer Obligations for Meals and Breaks in OH
Employers in Ohio are expected to:
- Provide required meal and rest breaks for minor employees in accordance with Ohio labor laws.
- Pay for short rest breaks (5-20 minutes) if they are offered to employees.
- Maintain accurate records for minor employees’ work hours and breaks for compliance.
Ohio employers have the right to set employee break schedules, including when and how long employees take their meal and rest breaks. While there is no state-mandated break requirement for adults, employers who offer breaks should clearly communicate break policies and expectations.
Employers should also have a process in place for employees to request accommodations, such as nursing mothers needing lactation breaks or employees with medical conditions requiring schedule adjustments.
Having a clear, documented policy helps prevent disputes and ensures compliance with both federal and Ohio labor laws.
How to Ensure Compliance with Ohio’s Meal and Break Laws
Ensuring compliance with Ohio’s meal and break laws is crucial for employers to maintain a fair and lawful workplace. Here are some strategies to help achieve this:
1. Understand Ohio’s Break Requirements
- Ohio law does not mandate meal or rest breaks for employees aged 18 and over. However, employers who choose to provide short breaks (5 to 20 minutes) must compensate these as paid work time.
- For employees under 18, Ohio law requires a 30-minute uninterrupted break for every five hours worked.
2. Develop Clear Break Policies
- Create written policies outlining break entitlements, scheduling, and procedures for all employees.
- Ensure these policies are accessible and communicated effectively to staff.
3. Implement Accurate Time Tracking
Utilize reliable time-tracking systems to monitor employee work hours and breaks, ensuring compliance with company policies and legal requirements.
4. Provide Training and Education
Educate managers and employees about break policies and the importance of adherence to promote a compliant workplace culture.
5. Monitor and Enforce Compliance
- Regularly review time records to identify and address any discrepancies or patterns of non-compliance.
- Take corrective actions when necessary to enforce break policies consistently.
6. Consult Legal Expertise
Seek guidance from legal professionals to ensure break policies align with current state and federal laws.
Streamline Compliance with Workyard
To simplify compliance efforts, consider leveraging technology like Workyard, a comprehensive workforce management solution.
Workyard offers:
- Precise GPS Time Tracking: Accurately monitor employee locations and work hours, ensuring transparency and reducing time theft.
- Automated Break Management: Set customizable rules for breaks and overtime, reducing manual errors and ensuring adherence to labor laws.
- Comprehensive Labor Compliance: Maintain detailed audit trails and automated record-keeping to protect your business from potential disputes.
- User-Friendly Mobile App: Enable employees to clock in and out seamlessly, promoting accurate time tracking and compliance.
Try Workyard for free today and discover how it can enhance your compliance with Ohio’s meal and break laws.
Benefits to Employees
Complying with Ohio’s labor laws on meals and breaks provides significant benefits to employees, enhancing their well-being, productivity, and overall job satisfaction. When employees take their breaks as required, they experience several key advantages.
Improved Health and Well-Being
Taking regular meal and rest breaks prevents fatigue and stress, helping employees stay physically and mentally refreshed throughout their shifts. For physically demanding jobs, such as those in construction or field service, scheduled breaks reduce the risk of workplace injuries by allowing employees to rest and recover.
Increased Productivity and Focus
Breaks allow employees to return to their tasks with renewed energy, improving concentration and efficiency. Short rest breaks help prevent mental exhaustion, reducing mistakes and enhancing overall work performance.
Employees who take proper breaks also tend to maintain a more consistent and sustainable work pace.
Higher Job Satisfaction and Morale
When employers follow break laws and encourage employees to take their breaks, it fosters a supportive work environment. Employees feel respected and valued, leading to increased morale, greater job satisfaction, and lower turnover rates.
Legal Protection and Fair Treatment
Employees working in companies that comply with break laws have greater legal assurance that their rights are protected. Compliance with Ohio’s meal and break laws helps ensure fair treatment, preventing wage disputes related to unpaid work during break periods. Knowing that their employer follows labor laws builds trust and confidence in the workplace.
Benefits to Employers
Complying with Ohio’s meal and break laws isn’t just about avoiding penalties; it’s a strategic move that benefits employers in multiple ways.
By following break regulations, businesses can improve efficiency, foster a positive work culture, and protect themselves from legal risks.
Optimized Workforce Efficiency
Employees who take proper breaks return to work more focused and energized, leading to fewer mistakes and higher-quality output. This helps maintain a steady workflow and reduces burnout, keeping teams productive throughout the day.
Stronger Employee Retention and Satisfaction
Following break laws demonstrates that an employer values employee well-being, which strengthens workplace morale. Employees who feel respected are more likely to stay with the company, reducing turnover and minimizing the expenses associated with hiring and training new workers.
Legal Protection and Risk Mitigation
Non-compliance with labor laws can result in fines, lawsuits, and reputational damage. By adhering to Ohio’s break regulations—especially for minor employees and nursing mothers—businesses avoid costly legal disputes and demonstrate their commitment to ethical labor practices.
Enhanced Reputation and Talent Attraction
Companies known for fair treatment of employees are more attractive to job seekers and clients alike. Businesses that comply with labor laws build a strong reputation as ethical employers, making it easier to recruit top talent and maintain positive relationships with customers and partners.
The Bottom Line on Ohio Meal and Break Laws
For businesses, following Ohio break laws isn’t just about avoiding fines. It’s also about fostering a positive work environment, improving efficiency, and reducing legal risks.
Employers who prioritize break compliance see higher employee satisfaction, better retention, and fewer costly disputes.
To simplify compliance, consider using Workyard, a workforce management tool that automates time tracking, break monitoring, and labor law compliance.
With precise GPS tracking, automated break management, and detailed labor reports, Workyard helps businesses stay on top of compliance while improving operational efficiency.
Ohio break laws do not require employers to provide meal or rest breaks for adult employees. However, if an employer offers short rest breaks (5 to 20 minutes), these must be paid under federal law.
Many employers voluntarily provide a 30-minute unpaid meal break during an 8-hour shift, but it is not required by law. Employees under 18 are entitled to a 30-minute uninterrupted meal break if they work more than five consecutive hours.
Under Ohio break laws, employees under 18 years old must receive a 30-minute unpaid break if they work more than five consecutive hours. This means a 17-year-old can work up to five hours straight before they are legally entitled to a break.
Employers must track and enforce these break requirements for minor employees to remain compliant with labor laws.
No, 15-minute breaks are not required by law in Ohio for adult employees. Employers are not obligated to provide short rest breaks, but if they do, these breaks must be paid under federal law.
However, many employers voluntarily offer 15-minute breaks to improve productivity and employee well-being. For minors under 18, Ohio law only mandates a 30-minute meal break after five consecutive hours of work, but no specific rest break requirement exists.
Yes, Ohio labor laws do not require meal breaks for adult employees, so an employer can require you to work six hours without a lunch break unless company policy states otherwise.
However, many employers provide a 30-minute unpaid meal break for shifts longer than six hours. Minors (under 18) must receive a 30-minute break after working five consecutive hours, meaning a 17-year-old cannot work six hours straight without a break.
Ohio labor law does not mandate breaks for a 12-hour shift if the employee is 18 or older. Employers can require employees to work 12-hour shifts without meal or rest breaks unless company policy states otherwise.
However, short 5-to-20-minute breaks must be paid if offered. Minors (under 18) working a long shift must receive a 30-minute unpaid meal break after five consecutive hours of work. Many employers voluntarily provide breaks for long shifts to prevent fatigue.
